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Q1. The three common goals of Information security are known as the CIA triad. CIA stands for: 

A. Confidentiality, Integrity and Auditing 

B. Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability 

C. Confidentiality, Integrity and Access Control 

D. Confidentiality, Integrity and Authentication 

E. Confidentiality,Integrity and Authorization 

Answer:

Explanation: For over twenty years, information security has held confidentiality, integrity and availability (known as the CIA triad) to be the core principles of information security. 

There is continuous debate about extending this classic trio. 

Note: 

Confidentiality is the term used to prevent the disclosure of information to unauthorized individuals or systems. 

In information security, integrity means that data cannot be modified undetectably. 

For any information system to serve its purpose, the information must be available when it is needed. 

Q2. Which of the following are the implications of the architecture principle, "Asset-centric approach must be applied to engineering processes"? 

A. The development Infrastructure must support asset-centric engineering. 

B. Assets must be associated with meaningful metadata that can be used to discover and interpret the assets. 

C. Solutions developed must beintegrated and tested early and often. 

D. Existing assets must be reused to fulfill whole or part functionality when available. 

Answer:

Explanation: The underlying core principle of ORA Engineering is asset sharing and enterprise development through an integrated asset management approach. Most organizations use a Software Configuration Management (SCM) or Version Control System (VCS) for managing the code and configuration assets. These tools are great for managing the versioning of assets produced but they don't maintain the metadata of the assets. Without metadata assets are not organized in context and it is hard to discover them. ORA recommends an asset-centric engineering process, where an Asset Manager is used to address the challenges posed by the traditional approaches. The Asset Manager is typically an enterprise-scoped Metadata Repository working in concert with SCMs and other types of asset repositories. 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture,Software Engineering, Release 3.0 

Q3. Architecturally speaking, why might an organization deploy a SAML-based Web SSO solution if they already have a cookie-based Web SSO in place and working? 

A. SAML generally performs better and requires less network overhead. 

B. SAML supports federation across cookie domains. 

C. SAML is required for Web Service security, which makesit a natural replacement for cookie based SSO solutions. 

D. SAML isimmune to man-in-the-middle attacks. 

Answer:

Explanation: SSO solutions deployed for a localized domain often exchange state information in a browser cookie. These implementations are limited to the scope of the DNS domain as cookies are not visible across domains. SAML offers alternatives solutions that do not have this limitation. 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture,Security, Release 3.1 

Q4. Which of the following are phases of Service Management? 

A. Monitor 

B. Define 

C. Analyze 

D. Report 

E. Enforce and Execute 

Answer: A,B,D,E 

Explanation: There are four Service Management Phases: 

* Define 

* Enforce and execute 

* Monitor 

* Report 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture, Management and Monitoring, Release 3.0 

Q5. When mapping Oracle Products onto the Logical view, what is the best approach? 

A. Utilize management packs, connectors, and plug-ins to create a customized product mapping for the Logical view. 

B. Use Oracle Enterprise Manager to provide core capabilities required by the three layers for Oracle stack, and use management packs, connectors, and plug ins for non-Oracle stack. 

C. Use an Oracle Enterprise Manager product to provide all the capabilities required by the three layers in the Management and Monitoring architecture. 

D. Use a third-party to provide all capabilities required by the three layersin the Management and Monitoring architecture. 

Answer:

Explanation: Oracle offers a comprehensive SOA solution through a suite of SOA products. 

Oracle Fusion Middleware products cover the needs of the SOA infrastructure end-to-end. 

The figure below shows the mapping of Oracle products to the SOA logical components. 

Management of services is extremely important in SOA environments, where services are integrated, reused, and constantly changed. Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) simplifies monitoring and managing SOA environments. It addresses each of the challenges by helping model, monitor, and manage the SOA environment. 

The products referred in the figure are: 

* OSB - Oracle Service Bus 

* OSR - Oracle Service Registry 

* OER - Oracle Enterprise Repository 

* OWSM - Oracle Web Service Management 

* OEM - Oracle Enterprise Manager (with SOA management pack) 

* IdM - Identity and Access Management 

There isn't necessarily a one to one mapping between logical architecture components and products. While some products target a specific logical need, most provide additional features, such as monitoring, management, and security. 

Note: 

The SOA infrastructure capabilities can be grouped into the following logical components as 

shown in Figure below. 

* Service Bus 

* SOA Security Framework 

* Service Registry 

* Metadata Repository 

* Monitoring Framework3-2 ORA SOA Infrastructure 

* Management Framework 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture, SOA Infrastructure, Release 3.0 

Q6. The Conceptual, Logical, and Product Mapping architecture views are core to the documents within the Oracle Reference Architecture (ORA) library- Which statement best describes the relationship between these three architectural views? 

A. The Conceptual view lists the concepts behind the architecture, the Logical view describes the rationale for the architecture, and the Product Mapping view Identifies the Oracle products required. 

B. The Conceptual view defines the architecture in less technical terms, the Logical view provides Increasing detail by using more technical terms, and the Product Mapping view maps Oracle products onto the Logical view. 

C. The Conceptual view is a high-level description of the architecture, the Logical view is a detailed description of the architecture, and the Product Mapping view illustrates the deployment of Oracle products. 

D. Each architecture view is designed to communicate to a specific stakeholder and there is no defined relationship between the views. 

E. Each architecture view is a description of the components within the architecture, the logical view describes the runtime interactions between the components, and the product mapping view illustrates the deployment of Oracle products. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Q7. A longer term goal of Service-Oriented Integration (SOI) is to enable composite applications that are assembled from SOA Services. Which statement best describes the relationship between composite application assembly and SOA Service engineering? 

A. Composite application assembly and SOA Service engineering are separate, decoupled efforts without any meaningful Interaction. 

B. All SOA Service engineering must be completed prior to any composite application assembly. 

C. Composite application assembly uses service contracts created by SOA Service engineering and generates requirements that are Inputs to SOA Service engineering. 

D. SOA Service engineering creates SOA Services following sound engineering principles, while composite application assembly uses SOA Services based on WSPL interfaces. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

The Oracle Service Engineering Framework is an engineering approach for delivering projects within an SOA environment The Service Engineering Framework addresses activities at both the program and project scope to consider the requirements of the business outside of the scope of a single project. Topics covered at the program scope include:  

* SOA Requirements Management - Provides a process for harvesting requirements in a manner that naturally facilitates service identification and discovery. 

* Service Identification & Discovery - Establishes the procedures around identifying Service candidates, as well as discovering reuse candidates from the existing Service catalog. Takes the process from identification and discovery, through the justification processes required to determine if an existing Service can be viable for reuse in the proposed manner, or if the proposed Service Candidate should be realized as a shared Service. 

* Service Release Planning - Provides the groundwork necessary for planning for project and Service deliveries within an SOA 

Topics covered at the project scope include: 

* Service Definition -

* Service Design -

* Service Implementation - Provides the guidelines for effectively and efficiently developing shared Services. 

* Service Testing -

* Service Deployment - Defines the guidelines and practices that need to be considered when deploying Services into a shared environment. 

* Service OA&M -

Note: The primary goal of service-oriented integration is to better leverage existing systemwithin the IT environment by applying service-oriented principles. Ultimately, the goal is to enable the assembly of composite applications, with little or no custom coding, that include capabilities sourced from existing systems. Composite applications are applications that pull together data, functionality, and process from multiple existing sources to solve a business problem or create new business value. Service-oriented integration is the mechanism to expose existing sources of data, functionality, and process so that those sources can be readily consumed by a composite application 

Q8. You are working with an IT department that has embraced Service-Oriented Integration (SOI). The development team has created a catalog of services that rigidly follow the layering of the SOI architecture as illustrated by the Logical View. Clients are allowed to call only Business Process Services, Business Process Services only call Business Services, Business Services only call Data Services, and so on, with each call going through the Mediation Layer. Unfortunately, the quality assurance team has discovered during user acceptance testing that the latency of applications the Business Process Services is unacceptable. 

What advice would you give the development team to help reduce the latency without sacrificing adherence to the SOI architecture? 

A. Change the SOA Services to bypass the Mediation Layer when calling other SOA Services. The Mediation Layer should be used only between the clients and the SOA Services. The Mediation Layer should not be used between SOA Services. 

B. The developers are accurately following the SOI architecture. Reducing the latency will require that some of the SOI architecture concepts be relaxed or violated. 

C. Remove all data transformation from the Mediation Layer because data transformations are too computationally expensive, where required, change the interface of the SOA Services to use a single data model so that data transformations are not needed. 

D. Allow clients and SOA Services to use large-granularity operations. Each operation on the Business Process Service should return an entire data entity or multiple data entities. This reduces the number of client calls required and, therefore, the overall latency. 

Answer:

Explanation: Reducing the number of calls could reduce latency. 

Note: The Mediation Layer provides loose coupling for the entire architecture. It decouples the layers of the architecture as well as decoupling external users of the layers from the specific layers in the architecture. 

The primary purpose of this layer in the architecture is to facilitate communication between layers in the architecture and between this architecture and the systems that connect to this architecture. This layer is infrastructure in the truest sense and therefore rarely maps directly to business requirements. However, this layer provides key capabilities that make the architecture service oriented and is the primary focus for meeting non-functional requirements such as scalability, reliability, availability, maintainability, etc. 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture, Service-Oriented Integration, Release 3.0 

Q9. Conceptually, the ORA model of a "modern UI" defines which three layers from the following list? 

A. Unified User Interface layer provides the control and visual elements that define the interaction that the user has with the system. 

B. Integration layer provides connectors to simplify and standardize Interaction with back-end - terns. 

C. Device Management layer provides transformation and transcoding to support a wide variety of devices. 

D. Browser Mediation layer adapts output to conform to the standards and capabilities of each browser type. 

E. User Interface Services layer provides reusable functions specialized to the needs of the end 

F. Access and Incorporation layer provides the capability to Incorporate data and functionality from any number of back-end systems into the user interface. 

Answer: A,E,F 

Explanation: Note: 

A: The Unified User Interface layer provides the control and visual elements that define the interaction the user has with the system. This layer separates the way the user interacts with the system from the underlying functionality provided by the system. This has many advantages including allowing different display devices to be supported via control and visual elements specialized for the device since, for example, mobile devices do not have nearly the screen real estate of a desktop computer. 

E: The User Interface Services layer provides a set of functionality that can be used and reused in a variety of ways to deliver various user interfaces specialized to the needs of the end user. This illustrates that the underlying functionality is separated from the visual and control elements built into the user interface. The services provided by this layer may come from a variety of sources located anywhere that is network accessible. 

F: The Access and Incorporation layer provides the capability to incorporate data and functionality from any number of backend systems into the user interface. Generally, there are two types of backend systems that need be incorporated into the user interface: systems that are designed for use with user interface (e.g. LDAP, dedicated database) and systems that are not (e.g. legacy applications). The former type systems can be access directly by the user interface architecture. Ideally the latter type should be accessed via a robust integration architecture rather than relying on point-to-point integrations. This distinction is the reason that the term “incorporation” is used in this Conceptual View instead of the term “integration.” A suitable integration architecture is described in the ORA Service-Oriented Integration document. 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture, User Interaction, Release 3.0 

Q10. Which of the following are true statements about the benefits of standardizing on a common security framework? 

A. Security requirements no longer need to be specified for eachindividual application; the framework will automatically determine what security needs to be applied. 

B. A common set of security services and information can be used across the organization, promoting Infrastructure reuseand minimizing inconsistencies. 

C. Secure application integrationis made easier via standardization on a preferred subset of technologies and options. 

D. Administration and auditing are improved due to rationalization and standardization of identities, attributes, roles, policies, and so on. 

E. Interoperability amid federation are easier to achieve via the adoption of common security and technology standards. 

Answer: A,B,E 

Explanation: In order to provide security in a consistent manner, a common set of infrastructure, e.g. a security framework, must be used. The purpose of this framework is to rationalize security across the enterprise by: 

* Establishing a master set of security data that reflect the policies, IT resources, participants and their attributes across the entire domain of security 

* Mapping organizational structures, computing resources, and users to roles in a way that clearly depicts access privileges for the organization 

* Maintaining fine-grained access rules based on roles that have been established for the organization 

* Propagating the master security data to individual applications and systems that enforce security (A) 

* Detecting changes to security data residing on systems that have not been propagated from the master source of record, and sending alerts regarding these inconsistencies 

* Providing common security services, such as authentication, authorization, credential mapping, auditing, etc. that solutions can leverage going forward in place of custom-developed and proprietary functions (B) 

* Facilitating interoperability between systems and trust between security domains by acting as a trusted authority and brokering credentials as needed(E) 

* Centrally managing security policies for SOA Service interactions 

The security framework should provide these types of capabilities as a value-add to the existing infrastructure. The intent is not to discard the capabilities built into current applications, but rather to provide a common foundation that enhances security across the enterprise. Security enforcement can still be performed locally, but security data should be modeled and managed holistically. 

Incorrect: 

C: Not a main goal. 

D: Ease of administration and auditing is not a main goal here. 

Reference: Oracle Reference Architecture,Security, Release 3.1, 4.1.1 Purpose of a Security Framework